利用css3制作的动态导航
首先看看Demo。
1. HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>CSS3 Animated Navigation Menu | Tutorialzine Demo</title>
<!-- Our CSS stylesheet file -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/styles.css" />
<!-- Including the Lobster font from Google's Font Directory -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lobster" />
<!-- Enabling HTML5 support for Internet Explorer -->
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1>CSS3 Animated Navigation Menu</h1>
<h2>« Read and download on Tutorialzine</h2>
</header>
<nav>
<ul class="fancyNav">
<li id="home"><a href="#home" class="homeIcon">Home</a></li>
<li id="news"><a href="#news">News</a></li>
<li id="about"><a href="#about">About us</a></li>
<li id="services"><a href="#services">Services</a></li>
<li id="contact"><a href="#contact">Contact us</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<footer>Looks best in Firefox 4, usable everywhere.</footer>
</body>
</html>
2. CSS
首先，制作一个ul li结构，CSS代码如下：
.fancyNav{
/* Affects the UL element */
overflow: hidden;
display: inline-block;
border-radius: 4px;
-moz-border-radius: 4px;
-webkit-border-radius: 4px;
box-shadow: 0 0 4px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 4px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 4px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
}
.fancyNav li{
/* Specifying a fallback color and we define CSS3 gradients for the major browsers: */
background-color: #f0f0f0;
background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear,left top, left bottom,from(#fefefe), color-stop(0.5,#f0f0f0), color-stop(0.51, #e6e6e6));
background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(#fefefe 0%, #f0f0f0 50%, #e6e6e6 51%);
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(#fefefe 0%, #f0f0f0 50%, #e6e6e6 51%);
background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(#fefefe 0%, #f0f0f0 50%, #e6e6e6 51%);
background-image: linear-gradient(#fefefe 0%, #f0f0f0 50%, #e6e6e6 51%);
border-right: 1px solid rgba(9, 9, 9, 0.125);
/* Adding a 1px inset highlight for a more polished efect: */
box-shadow: 1px -1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6) inset;
-moz-box-shadow: 1px -1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6) inset;
-webkit-box-shadow: 1px -1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6) inset;
position:relative;
float: left;
list-style: none;
}
注意，上述CSS代码使用了大量的CSS3渐变属性，这种属性现在只有Firefox, Chrome and Safari支持。
接下来，要使用：after来制作当鼠标hover到li上的效果：
.fancyNav li:after{
/* This creates a pseudo element inslide each LI */
content:'.';
text-indent:-9999px;
overflow:hidden;
position:absolute;
width:100%;
height:100%;
top:0;
left:0;
z-index:1;
opacity:0;
/* Gradients! */
background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, left top, right top, from(rgba(168,168,168,0.5)),color-stop(0.5,rgba(168,168,168,0)), to(rgba(168,168,168,0.5)));
background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(left, rgba(168,168,168,0.5), rgba(168,168,168,0) 50%, rgba(168,168,168,0.5));
background-image:-o-linear-gradient(left, rgba(168,168,168,0.5), rgba(168,168,168,0) 50%, rgba(168,168,168,0.5));
background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(left, rgba(168,168,168,0.5), rgba(168,168,168,0) 50%, rgba(168,168,168,0.5));
background-image:linear-gradient(left, rgba(168,168,168,0.5), rgba(168,168,168,0) 50%, rgba(168,168,168,0.5));
/* Creating borders with box-shadow. Useful, as they don't affect the size of the element. */
box-shadow:-1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,-2px 0 0 #fff,1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,2px 0 0 #fff;
-moz-box-shadow:-1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,-2px 0 0 #fff,1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,2px 0 0 #fff;
-webkit-box-shadow:-1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,-2px 0 0 #fff,1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,2px 0 0 #fff;
/* This will create a smooth transition for the opacity property */
-moz-transition:0.25s all;
-webkit-transition:0.25s all;
-o-transition:0.25s all;
transition:0.25s all;
}
接着，我们要用:first-child and :last-child来控制第一个和最后一个li：
/* Treating the first LI and li:after elements separately */
.fancyNav li:first-child{
border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
}
.fancyNav li:first-child:after,
.fancyNav li.selected:first-child:after{
box-shadow:1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,2px 0 0 #fff;
-moz-box-shadow:1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,2px 0 0 #fff;
-webkit-box-shadow:1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,2px 0 0 #fff;
border-radius:4px 0 0 4px;
}
.fancyNav li:last-child{
border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
}
/* Treating the last LI and li:after elements separately */
.fancyNav li:last-child:after,
.fancyNav li.selected:last-child:after{
box-shadow:-1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,-2px 0 0 #fff;
-moz-box-shadow:-1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,-2px 0 0 #fff;
-webkit-box-shadow:-1px 0 0 #a3a3a3,-2px 0 0 #fff;
border-radius:0 4px 4px 0;
}
.fancyNav li:hover:after,
.fancyNav li.selected:after,
.fancyNav li:target:after{
/* This property triggers the CSS3 transition */
opacity:1;
}
.fancyNav:hover li.selected:after,
.fancyNav:hover li:target:after{
/* Hides the targeted li when we are hovering on the UL */
opacity:0;
}
.fancyNav li.selected:hover:after,
.fancyNav li:target:hover:after{
opacity:1 !important;
}
/* Styling the anchor elements */
.fancyNav li a{
color: #5d5d5d;
display: inline-block;
font: 20px/1 Lobster,Arial,sans-serif;
padding: 12px 35px 14px;
position: relative;
text-shadow: 1px 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
z-index:2;
text-decoration:none !important;
white-space:nowrap;
}
.fancyNav a.homeIcon{
background:url('../img/home.png') no-repeat center center;
display: block;
overflow: hidden;
padding-left: 12px;
padding-right: 12px;
text-indent: -9999px;
width: 16px;
}
